In the present work the preparation of biodiesel from jatropha curcas l. Enzymesupported oil extraction from jatropha curcas seeds. Kinetics and thermodynamic of extraction jatropha oil. After extraction oil from jatropha seeds it can be utilized fuel as diesel motor. Filtered jatropha oil can be used as is in many diesel vehicles as svo with only small modifications required to the engine.
Jatropha oil plant is generally cultivated for the purpose of jatropha oil extraction. University of groningen optimization of jatropha curcas. Characterization of jatropha oil for the preparation of biodiesel. Enzymatic process is good but has a slow reaction rate.
Mechanical extraction is considered to be the best option for oil expression of jatropha curcas in rural areas. Solvent extraction and characterization of oil from coconut. These multiple biodiesel processing steps constitute over 70% of the total cost of biodiesel production if. The extraction process was observed with regard to oil yield percent versus time to calculate the kinetic and thermodynamic parameter.
It has been reported seed oil content based on a dry basis was 46% 10. Our pdf merger allows you to quickly combine multiple pdf files into one single pdf document, in just a few clicks. Mechanical extraction of oil from jatropha curcas l. Biodiesel production from jatropha oil and its characterization.
This study aimed to solve one of the problems which jatropha curcas seeds jcs oil extraction industry is facing in the northern part of nigeria. This operation is conducted in a dryer kemper, 2005. Efficient oil extraction methods form jatropha seeds need to be explored. Various methods for recovering of oil from the seeds, including extraction with organic solvents and water, have been investigated. Trere are a lot of ways to extract oil from jatropha oil seeds, however in the jatropha oil seed processing process, various jatropha oil extraction machines generally speaking, there are five jatropha oil extraction methods people usually use. Assessment of the potential of jatropha curcas, biodiesel tree, for energy production and other uses in developing countries mike benge, senior agroforestry officer, usaid ret. Before the transesterification process was carried out, some basic tests such as free fatty acid content, iodine value, and moisture content were.
The oil extracted from the seeds is nonedible and is used in making soaps, cosmetics, colors, candles and wool. Solvent extraction and characterization of oil from. Jatropha curcus oil cake is rich in nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium and can be used as organic manure. Glycerol is a byproduct of transesterification process. Feb 22, 2009 oil being extracted from jatropha seeds. The oil content, biodiesel content and the physicochemical parameters of the oil as well as the biodiesel were determined. Solvent extraction needs to use many hazardous solvents. This work was performed to extract oil from jatropha seeds and to study the optimum conditions of extraction. The oil extraction was done using solvent extraction method. Jatropha biodiesel is the processed form of jatropha oil and gets its power from the energy rich bonds found in. Crude jatropha oil extraction the oil content dry basis of the seeds was determined by soxhlet extraction method. Jatropha oil expelled from seeds and filtered through filter press can replace kerosene or oil lamp. Solvent extraction and characterization of oil from coconut seed using alternative solvents okene e. The present screw press is specially designed on laboratory scale.
The oil content in jatropha curcas seed is 2530% and compose of 21% saturated fatty acids and 79% unsaturated fatty acid 5. A method to extract table information from pdf files. Effect of temperature on oil extraction of jatropha curcas. Mar 24, 2012 jatropha seed oil extraction therefore is very important so that you can enjoy all the benefits that come with it.
A small scale jcs oil extraction machine was therefore designed, developed, and evaluated for performance. Jatropha curcas linnaeus is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family, euphorbiaceae. The extracted oil was separated from the solvents by vacuum rata evaporator. The greatest amount of oil is extracted during the first 20 minutes of extraction, and as moisture content decreases, oil recovery increases bernardini, 1982. This chapter discusses mechanical oil extraction methods and oil quality aspects for jatropha oil production. Since the recognition of jatropha as an alternative energy sources namely, biofuel, the methods of jatropha oil extraction has also gained due importance in the market. Development of jatropha oil extraction from biodiesel feedstocks using accelerated solvent extraction peter bodsky 1, linda lopez, aaron kettle1, prapisala thepsithar 2, yi zhang, zhenpeng zhang 2, and rong yan 1thermo fisher scientific, sunnyvale, ca. Production of biodiesel from watermelon citrullus lanatus.
In this work, optimization of jatropha seed oil extraction has been carried out using solvent extraction method accomplished in a soxhlet apparatus with the aid of design expert. A quadratic polynomial model was generated to predict oil recovery and was found to cover. This result was slightly higher than 46% reported by joshi et al. Department of agriculture and bioresources engineering, university of nigeria, nsukka. Development of an oil extraction machine for jatropha curcas. Kinetics and thermodynamics of oil extraction from jatropha. It is originally native to the tropical areas of the americas from mexico to argentina, and has been spread throughout the world in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, becoming naturalized or invasive in many areas. Mechanical oil extraction means using some sort of pressing machine to force oil out of. Merge or split pdfs with kofax pdf converter kofax. Oil presses method is used to extract the oil using simple mechanical devices. The influence of different motors speeds of 20, 60, 100 and 140 rpm and preheating temperatures 50, 75, 100 and 125 c on oil extraction yield were investigated. Oil in jatropha curcas seed usually extract by conventional method such as. The output of the raw oil from the extraction unit is a key determining factor for deciding the capacity of the transesterification unit. Jatropha oil production for biodiesel and other products page 7 assumptions x the jatropha project estate is 125,000 ha in blocks of 5000 ha.
Jatropha curcas is a tropical plant widely distributed in arid areas. After extraction of oil from seed the detoxification of the seed. Production of biodiesel b100 from jatropha oil using sodium. To optimize oil extraction from jatropha seeds and to produce a quality of oil that will maximize profits e. It is very easy to use and provides multiple ways for. Different parts of the plant such as bark, fruit and seeds were used for several applications in medicine and energy production. Discover how to begin earning with documents in this industry right now. A facecentered composite design of experiments was employed to study and optimize the effect of applied pressure, pressing temperature and moisture content on oil recovery. Owing to the toxicity of jatropha seeds, they are not ingested by humans. The process of jatropha seed oil extraction oil extraction. Journal of engineering science and technology special issue 8 12015 48%. Development of an oil extraction machine for jatropha. Biodiesel production from jatropha oil and its characterization s. To sell oil extraction merger agreement you need to.
The extraction process yield increased with contact time of solid particles with the solvent until reaching equilibrium saturation of the. Based on the optimum parameters achieved from the optimization process, the rate of extraction of jatropha oil was determined at different temperatures where the heating mental is set at a specified temperature 70c, 80c, 90c, 100c and 110c. The basic test for suitability of the obtained watermelon oil was carried out. To insert, replace, delete, or extract pages, rightclick on the area youd like to make the change.
The name is derived from the greek words iatros, meaning physician, and trophe, meaning nutrition, hence the common name physic nut. Mechanical pressing is commonly used but it is poor yielding and also affects the oil quality. The oil cake is used in making plastics and synthetic. Jatropha oil extraction supplied by oil mill plant. The extraction process was observed with regard to the percent oil yield versus time, and the reaction order was found to be firstorder kinetics by the differential method. It can be cultivate in stony, gradient sandy oil and in the land of tiny deepness. Lab scale hydraulic pressing experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of process parameters on oil recovery from jatropha kernel. The optimum yield for such methods has been discovered to be around 74%. Split pdf file into pieces or pick just a few pages.
Jatropha biodiesel is the processed form of jatropha oil and gets its power from the energy rich bonds found in fatty acid methyl esters fame. Select a location and save the pdf to confirm your changes. Jatropha is considered to be a tropical plant that is believed to have seeds that produce high oil quantity. Since the percent oil yield increased in the course of time, the terms dydt. Jatropha curcas is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family, euphorbiaceae, that is native to the american tropics, most likely mexico and central america. Jatropha handbook 2d edition june 2009 chapter 4 of 6 oil pressing and purification. Import your document template to the platform using uploader on the top of the page.
Solvent extraction of jatropha seeds yields the maximum seed oil that is, 37% by weight of seed, or 99% of the total available oil. Since jatropha oil is the primary ingredient required in the production of biofuels, the development of oil extraction methods and the optimization of existing methods of extracting the oil have become significant. The total amount of extracted oil depends mainly on the extraction time and temperature, moisture content and particle size of the oilbearing seed. The collected seeds were oven dried and crushed in to powder by mortar and pestle. The extraction process yield increased with contact time of solid particles with the solvent until reaching equilibrium saturation of the solvent. Different kinds of oil expellers are used for the purpose of jatropha oil extraction. Higher supplements content in seed cake after extraction of oil, it could be utilized natural manure, with supplements esteem, n.
The crude oil harvested from jatropha seeds needs to be processed into a diesel before it can even begin to compete with other energy sources. It needs to finddevelop suitable enzymes and to increase the. Later, the biodiesel production prode cess was re signed for the transesterification of. Methods like ultrasonication have been discovered to be effective in increasing the percentage of jatropha oil that can be extracted using chemical methods like aqueous enzymatic treatment. Jatropha plantation,jatropha seeds oil supplier,india. When the oil inedible, it can be used for various purposes such as heating, lighting as well as cooking. Kinetics and thermodynamics of oil extraction from. The first thing that you need to do in the jatropha seed oil extraction is to collect all the mature seeds. Jatropha is easy to grow and it is tolerant to stress and drought. In the study the yield and kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the oil extraction process from jatropha curcas l. Raw oil extraction can be improved using better extraction techniques which can enhance the economics of biodiesel production. Determination of oil and biodiesel content, physicochemical. Seed oil, extraction, jatropha oil, esterification, transesterification, methyl ester, biodiesel, catalysts, jatropha curcas. Also, one often reported disadvantage of the ram press is the high.
A soxhlet extraction was used for extraction of the oil. This research work is about the production of biodiesel from jatropha oil. The oil contains 21% saturated fatty acids and 79% unsaturated fatty acids. Most vegetable oil can be converted into biodiesel but cost of the vegetable oil feedstock is now a factor in the least cost production of biodiesel. Oil presses have been used for the purpose of oil extraction as simple mechanical devices either powered or manually driven. Jatropha curcas linnaeus belongs to euphorbiaceae family and widely planted as an economic crop. Optimization and characterization article pdf available in international journal of chemtech research 95. The activation energy for the oil extraction kinetics of jatropha seeds with 15 % hcl was ea 26. Oil extraction accounts receivable financing agreement. Czern expeller, which is a machine to extract oil from oil seed plants, can be modified and used for jatropha oil extraction.
During oil expelling, about 6570% of the seed kernel is obtained as deoiled cake. Extracting different kinds of data and information from whole pdf files is a field of research. Oil presses 37 due to the high oil content in its composition, oilseeds must have a low moisture content in order to prevent deterioration during storage and also to ensure that downstream unit operations are efficient. The seeds contain about 55% of oil, which is mainly used for the production of soap as a fuel and after transesterification as biodiesel. Since jatropha oil is the primary ingredient required in the production of biofuels, the development of oil extraction methods and the optimization of existing methods of extracting the oil have become significa. Jatropha seed oil extraction, fbi desert center, ca farming. The experimental results of tse process showed that the optimal extraction conditions were 30 g samples, 240 ml of extraction solvent mixture and methanolnhexane volume ratio 60. The concept of using vegetable oil for fuel has been around, as long as the diesel engine. Using transesterification process, watermelon oil was heated to 60. Other oils can also be used for the production, but jatropha was chosen because it is not edible therefore, it will not pose a problem to humans in terms of food competition.
The oil extracted from the seeds of jatropha is known as biodiesel. Assessment of the potential of jatropha curcas, biodiesel. An ad free version of the app is now available for purchase a lightweight pdf utility dedicated for mobile. Increasing the extraction of oil to meet the rising demand for vegetable oils in different industries requires a suitable. Furthermore the oil contains high rate of unsaturated fat 78.
Jatropha is a genus of flowering plants in the spurge family, euphorbiaceae. Process to produce biodiesel using jatropha curcas oil jco. It is a tree or shrub that is native to the american tropics, mostly mexico and central america, but it grows under a variety of agroclimatic conditions and is commonly found in most of the tropical and subtropical regions of the world. As jatropha oil cake contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, it can be used as organic manure. The cost of the extraction stage is based on the capacity of the extraction plant, which, in turn, is based on the seed yield.
This oil can be used to create a clean burning biofuel that can be used in any diesel engine farming biodiesel inc. Optimisation of process parameter conditions for biodiesel production. Ethiopia for oil extraction and biodiesel production. It contains approximately 170 species of succulent plants, shrubs and trees some are deciduous, like jatropha curcas. A reaction rate equation for oil extraction from jatropha seeds can be written as, 15. To be able to know that the seeds are mature, their blooms simply fall off. Sensory testing detected no difference in the odor of cottonseed meals produced either by extraction with. Cottonseed extraction with mixtures of acetone and hexane. Process simulation and evaluation of alternative solvents for jatropha curcas l. Extraction of biodiesel from jatropha oil and performance. Production of biodiesel b100 from jatropha oil using.
Among the different oil presses that are used for jatropha oil extraction, the most commonly used presses include the bielenberg ram press. Characterization of jatropha oil for the preparation of. C, solutions of methoxide naoch3 were also added and stirred continuously for an hour. Compared to hexane extraction 98% the oil extraction. At a temperature of 40oc the acid value of the oil was. Jatropha oil is extracted from its seeds mechanically using rams or screw presses, chemically or enzymatically using a novel technique called aqueous enzymatic oil extraction aeoe and converted into biodiesel by a process called transesterification. Development of jatropha oil extraction from biodiesel feedstocks using accelerated solvent extraction peter bodsky 1, linda lopez, aaron kettle1, prapisala thepsithar 2, yi zhang, zhenpeng zhang 2, and rong yan. Jatropha seed oil extraction, fbi desert center, ca. Oil yield from soxhlet extraction for 8 hours using hexane is.
Cottonseed flakes were extracted with mixtures of nhexane and acetone, with the concentration of acetone varying between 10 and 75%. Effect of temperature on oil extraction of jatropha curcas l. Optimum oil yield from egyptian jatropha seeds using screw. Coconut oil is commonly used in cooking, it has been tested for use as a feedstock for biodiesel and can also be used as skin moisturizer, helping with dry skin 7,8. However, the highest oil recovery is achieved at 80% shell removal. Optimum oil yield from egyptian jatropha seeds using screw press. Jatropha biodiesel,biodiesel production technology,energy.
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